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Compare Christmas Island (2001) - American Samoa (2002)
Compare Christmas Island (2001) z American Samoa (2002)
| Christmas Island (2001) | American Samoa (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: 38.1% (male 13,445; female 12,688)
15-64 years: 56.7% (male 19,228; female 19,741) 65 years and over: 5.2% (male 1,931; female 1,655) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 4 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total:
135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 199 sq km
land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly larger than Washington, DC |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. The phosphate mine, closed in 1987, was reopened four years later, but the need for an alternative industry has spurred investment in tourism. Old mining areas are being restored, and almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Settled as early as 1000 B. C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 24.04 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)
expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY96/97) |
| Capital | The Settlement | Pago Pago |
| Climate | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 138.9 km | 116 km |
| Constitution | Christmas Island Act of 1958 | ratified 1966, in effect 1967 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa
conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | US dollar (USD) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories | unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of the US) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of the US) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994 |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened by union workers. With the support of the government, Australian-based Casinos Austria International Ltd. built a $34 million casino on Christmas Island, which opened in 1993. As of yearend 1999, gaming facilities at the casino were temporarily closed but were expected to reopen in early 2000. Another economic prospect is the possible location of a space-launching site on the island. | This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism, a developing sector, has been held back by the recurring financial difficulties in East Asia. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 120.9 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 130 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Lata 966 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 61%, Malay 25%, European 11%, other 3%, no indigenous population | Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996) | the US dollar is used |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)
head of government: Governor Tauese P. SUNIA (since 3 January 1997) and Lieutenant Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 3 January 1997) cabinet: NA elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: Tauese P. SUNIA reelected governor; percent of vote - Tauese P. SUNIA (Democrat) 50.7%, Lealaifuaneva Peter REID (independent) 47.8% |
| Exports | $NA | $345 million (1999) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | canned tuna 93% |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | US 99.6% |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 October - 30 September |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $500 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 14 20 S, 170 00 W |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean |
| Highways | total:
140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry) paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999) |
total: 350 km
paved: 150 km unpaved: 200 km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | $452 million (1999) |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6% |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | US 62%, Australia 11%, Japan 9%, NZ 7%, Fiji 4%, other 7% |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (territory of the US) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | 10.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | NA% |
| International organization participation | none | ESCAP (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior) |
| Labor force | NA | 14,000 (1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) | government 33%, tuna canneries 34%, other 33% (1990) (1990) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% note: mainly tropical rainforest of which 60%-70% is in a national park |
arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 10% other: 85% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English, Chinese, Malay | Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English
note: most people are bilingual |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | NA |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2001) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms)
elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 18 note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2002); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate for a sixth term |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: 75.53 years
male: 71.12 years female: 80.21 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97% male: 98% female: 97% (1980 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
12 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of the US |
| National holiday | NA | Flag Day, 17 April (1900) |
| Nationality | noun:
Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island |
noun: American Samoan(s)
adjective: American Samoan |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | typhoons common from December to March |
| Natural resources | phosphate | pumice, pumicite |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 3.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Democratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 2,771 (July 2001 est.) | 68,688 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 7.77% (2001 est.) | 2.31% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | 57,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 24 km to serve phosphate mines | 0 km |
| Religions | Buddhist 55%, Christian 15%, Muslim 10%, other 20% (1991) | Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.17 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service |
general assessment: NA
domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 13,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1999) | 2,550 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island) |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 3.4 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 6% (2000) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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